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The Mongols’ Entry into Europe
Batu Khan and several of his men were monitoring the Hungarian camp before the Battle of Mohi.
This battle took place in 1241 AD. The Mongols, with meticulous planning, deceived their enemies and launched an attack on the eastern part of Central Europe with five separate armies. Two of these Mongol armies invaded Poland to prevent any sudden attack on the Mongols from the Polish side.
Another Mongol army attacked the southern part of Eastern Europe, Transylvania, and inflicted a crushing defeat on their forces.
The main army was led by Batu Khan and the legendary Mongol general Subotai. They launched a daring attack on Hungary through a passage known as Veretsky Pass, breaking through its strong defensive barriers. On March 12, 1241, they inflicted a humiliating defeat on Hungary.
The final Mongol army was commanded by Shiban Khan, Batu Khan’s brother. King Béla IV of Hungary, under his personal supervision, had placed the best defensive barriers to slow the Mongols’ advance. However, the Mongols, with the help of their specialized troops, removed these barriers and within three days reached the heart of Hungary.
European historians were astonished by the Mongols’ speed, calling it “lightning warfare.” This incredible swiftness left the Hungarians with little time to prepare for defense. The greatest secret of the Mongols’ success was their speed—they reached their enemies before they could prepare for battle.
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